A tracheostomy and stoma are used for what purpose?

A tracheostomy and stoma are primarily used to create an airway for patients who may have obstruction or require prolonged ventilation support. This procedure involves making an incision in the trachea and inserting a tube directly into the airway, allowing air to enter and exit the lungs. This can be critical during emergencies when a person's upper airway is compromised due to swelling, injury, or other conditions.

Creating an airway through a tracheostomy allows for direct access to the trachea, bypassing any obstructions in the upper respiratory tract, and can significantly improve breathing in patients who cannot do so through their mouth or nose. In many cases, this intervention is necessary for patients with chronic respiratory issues, neurological impairments, or trauma-related airway management challenges.

The other choices, while related to respiratory care, do not align with the primary purpose of a tracheostomy and stoma. Hydration and medication administration are typically managed through different routes, and assessing breathing sounds is part of the general examination but does not directly relate to the purpose of creating the airway.