What is the normal breathing rate for an adult?

The normal breathing rate for an adult typically falls within the range of 12 to 20 breaths per minute (bpm). This range reflects the average respiratory rate needed to maintain adequate gas exchange and oxygenation during rest. It is important to recognize that respiratory rates can vary based on several factors including age, physical condition, and activity level, but the standard for healthy adults is 12 to 20 bpm.

Breathing rates below or above this range can indicate potential health issues. A rate lower than 12 bpm may suggest bradypnea, which could be associated with respiratory insufficiency or central nervous system depression. Conversely, a breathing rate above 20 bpm, known as tachypnea, may indicate conditions such as anxiety, fever, or underlying respiratory disorders.

Understanding this normal respiratory rate is crucial for EMTs and healthcare professionals in assessing a patient's respiratory status and determining the need for further evaluation or intervention.